From the following information, calculate the material variances.

Materials	Standard	Actual
A	200 units @ 12	160 units @ 13
B	100 units @ 10	140 units @ 10

Due to shortage of material A, it was decided to reduce consumption of A by 15% and increase that of material B by 30%.

Solution

From the following information calculate the Material Variances:

Materials	Standard Quantity	Actual Quantity	Standard price per unit	Actual price per unit
A	100	150	5	5.50
B	200	250	6	6.00
C	300	400	4	3.50

Due to shortage of B, it was decided to reduce consumption of B by 20 units and increase that of A and C by 15 units and 5 units respectively.

Solution

S.V.Ltd. manufactures a simple product, the standard mix of which is:

Material A	60% at 20 per kg.
Material B	40% at 10 per kg.

Normal loss in production is 20% of input. Due to shortage of Material A, the standard mix was changed. Actual results for March, 1989 were:

Material A	105	kgs	at 20 per kg.
Material B	95	kgs	at 9 per kg.
Input	200	kgs
Loss	35	kgs
Output	165	kgs

Calculate all possible material variances.

Solution

For producing 100 units of 'Avlon', 40 units of 'CEROM', and 60 units of 'DEVON' are to be mixed.
Actually 1,000 units of 'Avlon' were produced, but the standard mix was changed (due to shortage of material 'CEROM') to 30 units of 'CEROM' and 70 units of 'DEVON' for production of 100 units.
The actual number of units used were 320 units of 'CEROM' and 750 units of 'DEVON'.
The standard cost per unit of materials 'CEROM' was 10 and of material 'DEVON' 8.00 whereas the actual cost of 'CEROM' and 'DEVON' is 11 and 9.00 per unit respectively.
Calculate the various variances that emerge.

Solution

Bharat Metal Works manufactures a single product, the standard mix of which is:
Material X 60% @ 20
Material Y 40% @ 10
Normal loss in production is 20 per cent of input. Due to shortage of Material X, the standard mix was changed. Actual results for January were:

Material X =	210 kg	@ 20	4,200
Material Y =	190 kg	@ 19	1,710
Input	400 kg		5,910
Loss	72 kg		–
Output	328 kg		5,910

Calculate material variances.

Solution

Standard Products (Private) Ltd. Produces a single product, requiring 2 Kg. of materials per unit in the following ratio:
M - 60% @ 10/- per kg.
P - 40% @ 5/- per kg.
To this 10% normal loss is added to arrive at input.

During a particular period, on account of shortage of P, the mix was changed and the actual results were as follows for an output of 250 units.

M	378 kg	@ 10/- per kg.	3,780.00
P	162 kg	@ 6/- per kg.	972.00
Input	540 kg.		4,752.00
Loss	36 kg.	–
	504 kg.		4,752.00

Calculate all the variances.

Solution